RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Combined BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 Inhibition Depletes Intratumoral Immune-Potentiating Myeloid Populations in Melanoma
JF Cancer Immunology Research
JO Cancer Immunol Res
FD American Association for Cancer Research
DO 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-20-0401
A1 Lelliott, Emily J.
A1 Mangiola, Stefano
A1 Ramsbottom, Kelly M.
A1 Zethoven, Magnus
A1 Lim, Lydia
A1 Lau, Peter K.H.
A1 Oliver, Amanda J.
A1 Martelotto, Luciano G.
A1 Kirby, Laura
A1 Martin, Claire
A1 Patel, Riyaben P.
A1 Slater, Alison
A1 Cullinane, Carleen
A1 Papenfuss, Anthony T.
A1 Haynes, Nicole M.
A1 McArthur, Grant A.
A1 Oliaro, Jane
A1 Sheppard, Karen E.
YR 2020
UL http://cancerimmunolres.aacrjournals.org/content/early/2021/01/07/2326-6066.CIR-20-0401.abstract
AB Combined inhibition of BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 is currently under evaluation in clinical trials for patients with melanoma harboring a BRAFV600 mutation. While this triple therapy has potent tumor-intrinsic effects, the impact of this combination on antitumor immunity remains unexplored. Here, using a syngeneic BrafV600ECdkn2a−/−Pten−/− melanoma model, we demonstrated that triple therapy promoted durable tumor control through tumor-intrinsic mechanisms and promoted immunogenic cell death and T-cell infiltration. Despite this, tumors treated with triple therapy were unresponsive to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). Flow cytometric and single-cell RNA sequencing analyses of tumor-infiltrating immune populations revealed that triple therapy markedly depleted proinflammatory macrophages and cross-priming CD103+ dendritic cells, the absence of which correlated with poor overall survival and clinical responses to ICB in patients with melanoma. Indeed, immune populations isolated from tumors of mice treated with triple therapy failed to stimulate T-cell responses ex vivo. While combined BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 inhibition demonstrates favorable tumor-intrinsic activity, these data suggest that collateral effects on tumor-infiltrating myeloid populations may impact antitumor immunity. These findings have important implications for the design of combination strategies and clinical trials that incorporate BRAF, MEK, and CDK4/6 inhibition with immunotherapy for the treatment of patients with melanoma.