RT Journal Article SR Electronic T1 Correlation of high and decreased NY-ESO-1 immunity to spontaneous regression and subsequent recurrence in a lung cancer patient JF Cancer Immunity Archive JO Cancer Immun FD American Association for Cancer Research SP 8 VO 9 IS 1 A1 Isobe, Midori A1 Eikawa, Shingo A1 Uenaka, Akiko A1 Nakamura, Yoichi A1 Kanda, Tetsuo A1 Kohno, Shigeru A1 Kuzushima, Kiyotaka A1 Nakayama, Eiichi YR 2009 UL http://cancerimmunolres.aacrjournals.org/content/9/1/8.abstract AB We show correlation between strong and decreased NY-ESO-1-specific immunity with spontaneous regression and subsequent recurrence, respectively, in a long-surviving patient with an NY-ESO-1-expressing lung adenocarcinoma. An integrated immune response consisting of IgG antibody, as well as CD4 and CD8 T cells, against NY-ESO-1 was observed at the time of spontaneous regression of multiple pleural metastases. After tumor dormancy for 3 years, the tumor started to progress. IgG antibody levels and the number of CD4 and CD8 T cells against NY-ESO-1 decreased, but were still detectable. On the other hand, the number of Foxp3+ CD25 high T regulatory cells gradually increased. The findings suggest the relevance of the NY-ESO-1 immune response and its regulation by Foxp3+ CD25 high T regulatory cells in the clinical course of this lung cancer patient. This article was published in Cancer Immunity, a Cancer Research Institute journal that ceased publication in 2013 and is now provided online in association with Cancer Immunology Research.